Crypto//Key Pair

- Private key: 256-bit random number, generated off-chain, never shared, never sent over the network.

Private key: 256-bit random number, generated off-chain, never shared, never sent over the network.

Public key: derived from private key via elliptic curve multiplication (one-way function)

Address: last 20 bytes of keccak256(publicKey), the short form used on-chain.

Same seed string → same deterministic key pair (keccak256(utf8Bytes(seed))), useful for reproducible test environments.

Two nodes sharing the same private key = irreconcilable conflict (duplicate nonces, indistinguishable signatures)